Websites:

• The US Latino Digital Humanities Center
• National Humanities Center
• Library of Congress LatinX Resources
• NACLA (The North American Congress on Latin America)
• List of Afro-Latinx Titles by Social Justice Books 
• The “Hispanic Reading Room” by the Library of Congress
• Digital Public Library of America
• NY Public Library “Miscellaneous Afro-Latin American collection”
• Black-Latino Politics Google Scholar
• NEW PRENSA Latina/o/X Digital Newspaper

Books:

• Latining America by Claudia Milian
• Racial Apocalypse: The Cultivation of Supremacy in the Early Modern World by José Juan Villagrana
• Black Literature and Humanism in Latin America by Richard Jackson
• Undrowned: Black Feminist Lessons from Marine Mammals by Alexis Gumbs
• “The Caribbeanization of Black Politics” by Sharon D. Wright Austin 

Articles:

• “Atlantic History and the Slave Trade to Spanish America” by Alex Borucki, David Elts, and David Wheat
• “All The Color Of Awakened Aurora: The Blackness, Feminism, & Latinidad Of Julia De Burgos” by Michael Cruz
• “Afro-descendants in Latin American countries live in starkly unequal conditions that impact health and well-being, PAHO study shows”  by the Pan American Health Organization
• “8 Afro-Latines Who Are Breaking Barriers In U.S. Politics” by Safire Sostre
• “The Latinx Census Racial Category Debate And How to UNITE Latinx Across Racial Differences” by Tanya Katerí Hernández
• “Afro-Descedants in Latin America” by WorldBank.org

Essays:

• “La Raza Cósmica” (“The Cosmic Race”) by José Vasconcelos (Spanish-language essay)
• “Twice Migration and Indo-Caribbean American Identity Politics” by Jessica Ramsawak
•  Selected Essays “Caribbean Discourse” by Edouard Glissant
• “Centering Black Latinidad: A profile of the U.S. Afro-LatinX Population and Complex Inequalities”–Policy Report by Galdámez, et al.

• “Health of Afro-descendant People in Latin America” by the Pan American Health Org. in partnership with the W.H.O.

Websites:

• Latin American Studies Association
• Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage (“Recovery”)
• Explore Afro-Latino Literature guide by Arte Público Press
• UC Press E-Book Collection (1982-2004) via California Digital Press
• NACLA (The North American Congress on Latin America)
• List of Afro-Latinx Titles by Social Justice Books 
• The Library of Congress’ Afro-LatinX Bibliography
• The Yale New Haven Teachers Institute Interschool and Interdisciplinary FolkTales Resource 
• Delaware Afro-Latina Oral Histories Collection
• Afro-LatinX Google Scholar
• NEW PRENSA Latina/o/X Digital Newspaper

Books:

• The Cambridge History of African and Caribbean Literature. Edited by F. Abiola Irele and Simon Gikandi
• Latining America by Claudia Milian
• Racial Apocalypse: The Cultivation of Supremacy in the Early Modern World by José Juan Villagrana
• Decolonizing Diasporas: Radical Mappings of Afro-Atlantic Literature by Yomaira C. Figueroa-Vásquez
• The Black Image in Latin American Literature by Richard Jackson
• Manuel Zapata Olivella and the “Darkening” of Latin American Literature by Antonio D. Tillis

Articles:

• “African Explorers of Spanish America” by the Park Ethnography Program
• “Spanish | Indian Guyanese | English” by MizedRaceFaces
• “Afro-Latino: A deeply rooted identity among U.S. Hispanics” by Ana Gonzalez-Barrera and Gustavo López
• “Blackness and Latinidad are not mutually exclusive. Here’s what it means to be Afro-Latino in America” by Amir Vera and Alexander Pineda
• “Afro-Latinx Students Navigate Racism and Erasure in the Classroom” by Stephanie García
• “Piri Thomas and the Power of Self-Portrayal” Taína Caragol via The Smithsonian
• “Quimbamba” by Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro, translated by Lawrence Schimel
• “La piel negra que transgrede” – Entrevista por David Caleb Acevedo for Label me Latina/o (In Spanish)
• “Matronas” by Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro via TodasPR (In Spanish)
• “Untangled Roots, Embracing Identity: A conversation w/ Afro-LatinX writer Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro” by Isabella Silva-Biotti 
• “Focusing on the Present and Future of Afro-LatinX Studies” by Omaris Z. Zamora
• “Loíza is Universal: The Old Griot Tells an Afro-Indigenous World Story” by Carlos Rivera Santana
• “From Ebony and Jet to Vibe, Black Latina Visual Media Representation Provides a Blueprint for Latinx Media” by Janel Martinez

Essays:

• “Africans in Spanish-America: Slavery, Freedom and Identities in the Colonial Era” by Silke Hensel
• “Black Conquistadors: Armed Africans in Early Spanish America” by Matthew Restall
• “Black Brotherhoods in the Portuguese Atlantic” by Alicia L. Monroe
• “Iberian Roots of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, 1440–1640” by The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History
• Latin America: Afro-descendants by Darién J. Davis

Websites:

• Recovering the US Hispanic Literary Heritage Digital Collections
• The National Library of Spain (BIBLIOTECA DIGITAL HISPÁNICA)
• Akelarre: History and Fiction (Spanish Language Lit Journal and Reviews)
• Afro-Descendent Google Scholar Search
• Institute of Puerto Rican Culture (Spanish Language Resource)
• The National Park Service’s Park Ethnography Program’s “African American Heritage and Ethnography” Resource
• Afro Puerto Rican Art (Spanish-language Website)
• Remezcla
• NACLA (The North American Congress on Latin America)
• List of Afro-Latinx Titles by Social Justice Books 
• The Library of Congress’ Afro-LatinX Bibliography
• NEW PRENSA Latina/o/X Digital Newspaper

Books:

• A History of Afro-Hispanic Language by John Lipski
• Latining America by Claudia Milian
• African diaspora in the cultures of Latin America, the Caribbean, and the United States by Persephone Braham
• Decolonizing Diasporas: Radical Mappings of Afro-Atlantic Literature by Yomaira C. Figueroa-Vásquez
• Black Writers in Latin America by Richard Jackson
• TransCaribenX by Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro (via pdfcoffee)

Articles:

• “The African Experience in Early Spanish America” by Matthew Restall and Janet Landers
• “Women of the Sea: Afro-descendants honor their heritage in Mexico” by Koral Carballo
• “Africa in the Art of Latin America” by Gerardo Mosquera
• ” ‘We Are Black. We Just Speak Spanish’: Why Some Afro Latinos Want More Visibility During Black History Month” by Blanca Torres
• “Spanish | Indian Guyanese | English” by MizedRaceFaces
• “The Afro-Latinx Experience Is Essential To Our International Reckoning On Race” by Felix Contreras, Anaïs Laurent, Marisa Arbonna-Ruiz, and Jasmine Garsd
• “A Proposal for Afro-Hispanic Peoples and Culture as General Studies Course in African Universities” by Purity Ada Uchechukwu
• “Celia Cruz, Basquiat & More: 8 Books That Celebrate Inspirational Afro-Latinos” by Nia Ita
• “From the Archives: A deep dive into Afro-Latinx culture” by Cat Sposato via NPR
• “About 6 million U.S. adults identify as Afro-Latino” by Ana Gonzalez-Barrera
• “Wanwe” (a story in Spanish) by Yolanda Arroyo Pizarro [available for free download]
• “Afro-Puerto Rican Plena Fights Erasure with Queer Collaboration” by Adriana Santoni Rodríguez

Essays:

• “Latinos and Afro-Latino Legacy in the United States: History, Culture, and Issues of Identity” by Refugio I. Rochin
• “The Spanish Caribbean, 1492–1550” by Ida Altman
• “Rastafari in Puerto Rico” by Omar Ramadan-Santiago
• “Spanish Jamaica” by Casey Schmitt

• Afrodescendent women in Latin America and the Caribbean  by the ECLAC

These key terms serve as a search engine friendly way to open up the exploration of black identity within the diaspora and legacy of Spain’s colonial expansion. It is critically important that we expand the way we see and search for the past in the world. In hopes of helping to provide avenues for inclusive representation, we’ve provided words that allow us the opportunity to explore history in ways that require us to master the inclusivity required to create an equally represented narrative. Just as blackness, and its meaning, changes over time so too must our understanding of how Afro-Erasure contributes to our lives as humans who are part of different historically-impactful legacies. Something as simple as adding the term “Afro” to a geographic region of the world erupts new possibilities of including black voices, experiences, and lives into the conversations of history, art, business, science, and more.

• Afro-Hispanic
• Afro-Hispanic Caribbean
• Hispanic Caribbean
• Afro-Caribbean
• Afro-Caribeño
• Garifuna
• Indo-Afro Caribbean / Indo-Caribbean
• Afro-descendants
• Afro-descendientes
• Afro-Latin / Latine
• Afro-Latin America
• Afro-Latinoamérica
• Afro- Latinoaméricana/o
• Afro-Latina
• Afro-LatinX
• Afro-Latino
• Black and Hispanic OR LatinX
• Blacks and Latin America
• Black Caribs
• Afro- Caribenho
• Afro- Mexican / Mexicano
• Afro- Argentino / Argentine
• Afro- Ecuatoriano / Ecuadorian
• Afro- Peruano / Peruvian
• Afro- Panameño / Panamanian
• Afro- Venezolano / Venezuelan
• Afro- Chileno / Chilean
• Afro- Colombiano / Columbian
• Afro- Belizean / Beliceña / Beliceño
• Afro- Brasileño / Brazilian
• Afro- Guatemalteco / Guatemalan
• Afro- Puertorriqueño / Puerto Rican
• Afro- Dominicano / Dominican
• Afro- Salvadoreño / Salvadorans
• Afro- Costarriqueño / Costa Rican / Afrocostrarricense
• Afro- Paraguayana / Paraguayan
• Afro- Venezolano / Venezuelan
• Afro- Uruguayo / Uruguayans
• Afro- Boliviano / Bolivian
• Afro- Iberian
• Afro-Indigenous
• Afro-Indigeno
• Black-Caribbean Latina/o/X
• Dougla
• Guyana
• Spanish- Guiana
• Afro-Guianese